### Lesson Plan: Basic Science and Technology for Primary 4
#### Lesson Topic:
1. Human Body - The Mouth
2. Drug Education
3. Introduction to Scratch Programming
#### Duration:
- 3 x 40-minute sessions (one session for each topic)
#### Learning Objectives:
1. **Understanding the Mouth**:
- Identify parts of the mouth and their functions.
- Understand the importance of oral hygiene.
2. **Drug Education**:
- Identify common types of drugs (medicinal and harmful).
- Understand the effects of drugs on the body.
- Learn how to say no to harmful substances.
3. **Introduction to Scratch Programming**:
- Understand the basics of Scratch programming.
- Create a simple Scratch project.
#### Materials Needed:
- Diagrams of the mouth
- Toothbrush and toothpaste
- Flashcards with drug information
- Computer/Laptop with Scratch installed
- Projector and screen
---
### Session 1: Human Body - The Mouth
**Introduction (10 minutes)**:
- Briefly discuss the parts of the human body to introduce the specific topic.
- Show a diagram of the mouth and discuss its parts: teeth, tongue, gums, and palate.
**Main Activity (20 minutes)**:
- Explain the function of each part of the mouth.
- **Teeth**: Chewing food, speaking clearly.
- **Tongue**: Tasting food, swallowing, speaking.
- **Gums**: Hold teeth in place.
- **Palate**: Separates the mouth from the nasal cavity.
- Demonstrate proper tooth brushing technique.
**Discussion and Conclusion (10 minutes)**:
- Discuss the importance of oral hygiene.
- Have students share their daily oral care routines.
- Conclude with a Q&A session.
---
### Session 2: Drug Education
**Introduction (10 minutes)**:
- Define what drugs are and show examples of medicinal drugs (e.g., paracetamol) and harmful substances (e.g., tobacco, alcohol).
**Main Activity (20 minutes)**:
- Explore the effects of both medicinal and harmful drugs on the body.
- Use flashcards to categorize drugs as helpful or harmful.
- Discuss the negative consequences of drug misuse, particularly focusing on illegal drugs.
**Role-Playing (10 minutes)**:
- Have students work in pairs to practice saying "no" to harmful substances through role-playing scenarios.
**Discussion and Conclusion (10 minutes)**:
- Recap the key points discussed.
- Encourage students to ask questions and share their thoughts.
- Conclude with a short, anonymous survey on students’ understanding and comfort level in saying no to harmful drugs.
---
### Session 3: Introduction to Scratch Programming
**Introduction (10 minutes)**:
- Introduce Scratch as a beginner-friendly programming language.
- Show an example Scratch project to capture interest.
**Main Activity (20 minutes)**:
- Guided hands-on activity:
- Open Scratch and explain the interface.
- Demonstrate how to create a simple project (e.g., making a cat move and say “Hello!”).
- Have students follow along on their computers.
**Independent Practice (20 minutes)**:
- Allow students to experiment and create their own simple projects.
- Provide guidance and support as needed.
**Discussion and Conclusion (10 minutes)**:
- Have students present their projects to the class.
- Discuss the importance of learning programming.
- Introduce upcoming Scratch projects and encourage continued practice.
---
### Assessment:
- Observational assessment during activities.
- Oral questions and answers.
- Review of Scratch projects to ensure basic understanding and creativity.
### Homework Assignments:
- **Human Body - The Mouth**: Construct a mini poster on oral hygiene practices.
- **Drug Education**: Write a short essay on why saying no to harmful drugs is important.
- **Scratch Programming**: Practice creating a new Scratch project at home.
### Follow-Up:
- Plan a visit from a local dentist to talk more about oral health.
- Organize an interactive session with health professionals on drug education.
- Keep a regular Scratch programming club to foster interest in coding.
---
This lesson plan integrates three diverse yet crucial topics to provide a well-rounded educational experience for Primary 4 students.